Jackson County, Illinois: hazard history
What federal records show has already happened here: disaster declarations, storms, and flood insurance claims. This is a record of the past. It is not a forecast and not a hazard score.
At a glance
What this means
- The event NOAA recorded most often here is Flood, with 159 records.
- The costliest single record is Thunderstorm Wind in 2009: $100.0M in property damage, in the dollars of that year.
- The deadliest record is Lightning in 2007, with 1 death.
- FEMA has declared 15 disasters that named this county, most often for flood.
- The worst year for flood insurance claims was 2008, with 29 claims.
What this can't tell you
- What happens next. Past events do not set the odds of the next one.
- Anything before 1996 from NOAA. That is when NOAA began recording every event type; earlier files hold only tornado, hail and wind, so they are left out on purpose.
- Today's cost. Damage and payments are in the dollars of the year they happened.
- A flood rate. NFIP counts claims but not how many homes were insured, and many flooded homes carry no flood insurance.
- Earthquakes, wildfire perimeters or radar-detected hail. Those records are not tied to counties.
Federal disaster declarations (FEMA)
FEMA declared 15 disasters that named Jackson County between 1969 and 2020.
| Incident type | Disasters | Most recent |
|---|---|---|
| Flood | 5 | 2019 |
| Severe Storm | 5 | 2011 |
| Biological | 2 | 2020 |
| Hurricane | 1 | 2005 |
| Snowstorm | 1 | 2004 |
| Tornado | 1 | 2002 |
Most recent declarations
- EM-3435 2020 · Biological · Covid-19
- DR-4489 2020 · Biological · Covid-19 Pandemic
- DR-4461 2019 · Flood · Severe Storms And Flooding
- DR-1991 2011 · Severe Storm · Severe Storms And Flooding
- DR-1850 2009 · Severe Storm · Severe Storms, Flooding, And Tornadoes
- EM-3230 2005 · Hurricane · Hurricane Katrina Evacuation
- EM-3199 2004 · Snowstorm · Record/near Record Snow
- DR-1416 2002 · Tornado · Severe Storms, Tornadoes And Flooding
- DR-1112 1996 · Severe Storm · Severe Storms And Flooding
- DR-1053 1995 · Severe Storm · Severe Storms And Flooding
Not counted above: 2 statewide declarations, which covered every county in Illinois. A declaration is a decision to send federal help, not a measure of how bad an event was. Records run from 1953. Source: FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries.
Storms recorded by NOAA, by type
| Event type | Records | Deaths | Injuries | Property damage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flood | 159 | 1 | 0 | $4.2M |
| Thunderstorm Wind | 153 | 1 | 8 | $104.1M |
| Hail | 119 | 0 | 0 | $1.3M |
| Dense Fog | 104 | 0 | 0 | $0 |
| Strong Wind | 102 | 0 | 0 | $103K |
| Heat | 66 | 0 | 44 | $0 |
| Winter Weather | 63 | 0 | 0 | $0 |
| Frost/Freeze | 58 | 0 | 0 | $0 |
| Flash Flood | 44 | 0 | 0 | $874K |
| Winter Storm | 33 | 1 | 0 | $1.1M |
| Drought | 30 | 0 | 0 | $0 |
| Tornado | 24 | 0 | 2 | $7.6M |
| Cold/Wind Chill | 23 | 1 | 0 | $8K |
| Excessive Heat | 20 | 0 | 0 | $0 |
| Heavy Snow | 15 | 0 | 0 | $50K |
| Heavy Rain | 12 | 0 | 0 | $30K |
| High Wind | 12 | 0 | 0 | $1.5M |
| Funnel Cloud | 10 | 0 | 0 | $0 |
| Ice Storm | 6 | 0 | 0 | $325K |
| Extreme Cold/Wind Chill | 4 | 0 | 0 | $0 |
| Lightning | 3 | 1 | 1 | $10K |
| Freezing Fog | 1 | 0 | 0 | $0 |
| Wildfire | 1 | 0 | 0 | $75K |
Records start in 1996. Damage is NOAA's estimate at the time, in nominal dollars, and is often rounded; it is not insurance claims data. A storm that crossed two NOAA zones in this county is recorded, and counted, once per zone. A storm filed against a forecast zone is counted in every county that zone covers, with the whole storm's damage; do not add these figures across counties.
Year by year
NOAA storm event records in Jackson County each year. The busiest year was 2011, with 49 records.
Show the numbers for every year
| Year | Records | Deaths | Property damage |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1996 | 18 | 0 | $1.5M |
| 1997 | 25 | 0 | $81K |
| 1998 | 38 | 0 | $305K |
| 1999 | 27 | 0 | $174K |
| 2000 | 19 | 0 | $190K |
| 2001 | 26 | 0 | $75K |
| 2002 | 30 | 0 | $1.0M |
| 2003 | 18 | 0 | $0 |
| 2004 | 26 | 0 | $52K |
| 2005 | 22 | 0 | $107K |
| 2006 | 30 | 0 | $874K |
| 2007 | 32 | 1 | $102K |
| 2008 | 45 | 2 | $4.1M |
| 2009 | 35 | 1 | $100.6M |
| 2010 | 43 | 0 | $98K |
| 2011 | 49 | 0 | $1.9M |
| 2012 | 44 | 0 | $391K |
| 2013 | 29 | 0 | $112K |
| 2014 | 31 | 1 | $83K |
| 2015 | 38 | 0 | $148K |
| 2016 | 35 | 0 | $1.3M |
| 2017 | 47 | 0 | $6.3M |
| 2018 | 47 | 0 | $146K |
| 2019 | 43 | 0 | $335K |
| 2020 | 36 | 0 | $173K |
| 2021 | 38 | 0 | $83K |
| 2022 | 38 | 0 | $23K |
| 2023 | 46 | 0 | $170K |
| 2024 | 47 | 0 | $239K |
| 2025 | 39 | 0 | $572K |
| 2026 | 21 | 0 | $16K |
Years with no record are left out of the table, not shown as zero.
Notable events
Costliest records
- Thunderstorm Wind · May 8, 2009$100.0MNOAA name: Jackson County · 1 death · 6 injuries · NOAA record 160079
- Tornado · Feb 28, 2017$6.0MNOAA name: Jackson County · NOAA record 677489
- Flood · Mar 18, 2008$1.8MNOAA name: Jackson County · NOAA record 84927
- High Wind · Sep 14, 2008$1.5MNOAA name: NWS forecast zone · NOAA record 125792
- Thunderstorm Wind · Apr 19, 2011$1.2MNOAA name: Jackson County · NOAA record 289115
Deadliest records
- Lightning · Mar 29, 20071 deathNOAA name: Jackson County · NOAA record 19455
- Winter Storm · Feb 11, 20081 deathNOAA name: NWS forecast zone · $500K damage · NOAA record 77115
- Flood · Jun 18, 20081 deathNOAA name: Jackson County · NOAA record 105979
- Thunderstorm Wind · May 8, 20091 deathNOAA name: Jackson County · $100.0M damage · 6 injuries · NOAA record 160079
- Cold/Wind Chill · Feb 13, 20141 deathNOAA name: NWS forecast zone · NOAA record 500002
Each line is one NOAA record, linked to its page at NOAA. One large storm can appear more than once if NOAA recorded it in several zones of this county. Dollars are nominal.
Flood insurance claims (NFIP)
The National Flood Insurance Program paid $2.1M on 119 claims in Jackson County from 1978 to 2024.
| Year | Claims | Paid |
|---|---|---|
| 2008 | 29 | $121K |
| 2011 | 19 | $430K |
| 1993 | 17 | $47K |
| 1979 | 5 | $81K |
| 2009 | 4 | $83K |
A count of claims, not a rate: NFIP publishes no count of insured homes beside it, and most flood damage is uninsured. Nominal dollars. Records run from 1978 to 2024; claims filed without a county code are not on any county page. Source: FEMA OpenFEMA FIMA NFIP Redacted Claims.
Hazard vulnerability analysis: the probability column for a facility in Jackson County
A hazard vulnerability analysis rates each hazard for probability, impact, preparedness and response. Probability is the one column the county’s federal record can fill — NCEI storm events from 1996 to 2026 and FEMA declarations naming the county — and this is what it says for a facility here, on the 0–3 scale of the all-hazards structure surveyors expect. The other six columns are the facility’s own judgment about its building, and Calchis leaves them blank.
| Hazard | Prob. | Basis, from the county record |
|---|---|---|
| Severe Thunderstorm | 3 | 275 NCEI events over 31 years (8.87/yr). 5 federal disaster declarations naming the county. |
| Flood, External | 3 | 215 NCEI events over 31 years (6.94/yr). 5 federal disaster declarations naming the county. |
| Snow Fall / Blizzard / Ice Storm | 3 | 118 NCEI events over 31 years (3.81/yr). 1 federal disaster declaration naming the county. |
| Temperature Extremes | 3 | 171 NCEI events over 31 years (5.52/yr). No federal disaster declaration of this kind has named the county. |
| High Wind (non-convective) | 3 | 114 NCEI events over 31 years (3.68/yr). No federal disaster declaration of this kind has named the county. |
| Hurricane / Tropical Storm | 2 | No events of this kind on the county's NCEI record over 31 years. 1 federal disaster declaration naming the county. |
| Tornado | 2 | 24 NCEI events over 31 years (0.77/yr). 1 federal disaster declaration naming the county. |
| Drought | 2 | 30 NCEI events over 31 years (0.97/yr). No federal disaster declaration of this kind has named the county. |
| Epidemic | 2 | 2 federal disaster declarations naming the county. |
| Wild Fire | 1 | 1 NCEI event over 31 years (0.03/yr). No federal disaster declaration of this kind has named the county. |
| Earthquake | 1 | No federal disaster declaration of this kind has named the county. |
| Landslide | 1 | No events of this kind on the county's NCEI record over 31 years. No federal disaster declaration of this kind has named the county. |
| Tidal Wave / Tsunami | 1 | No events of this kind on the county's NCEI record over 31 years. No federal disaster declaration of this kind has named the county. |
| Volcano | 1 | No events of this kind on the county's NCEI record over 31 years. No federal disaster declaration of this kind has named the county. |
| Dam Inundation | 1 | No federal disaster declaration of this kind has named the county. |
A dash means the record does not speak to that hazard; it is not a zero. Whether a finished document satisfies the CMS Emergency Preparedness Rule is the facility’s finding and its surveyor’s. Complete the HVA for a facility in Jackson County — the technological, human and hazardous-materials rows, the six facility columns, the approval and the printed document — or read the sample analysis on that page first.
How this page was made
- Every figure is counted from public federal records held by Calchis: NOAA NCEI Storm Events, FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations, and FEMA NFIP claims. Nothing is modeled or estimated.
- NOAA files some events against a county and others against an NWS forecast zone, and publishes a code for both. Records are counted as Jackson County by that code — county records by the county's own FIPS code, zone records through the National Weather Service's published list of which counties each zone covers. No name matching is involved. Of 1,062 records, 455 were filed against this county and 607 against a forecast zone covering it. A zone storm is counted in every county its zone covers, and its damage figure is the whole storm's, not this county's share — NOAA does not publish that split. So these figures describe this county; they must not be added up across counties. Left out: 1% of Illinois's NOAA records, which are marine zones or zones NWS does not map to a county.
- Counts last rebuilt from the source records on Sep 15, 2026.
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Recorded history from federal public records. Not a hazard score, a risk score, or a forecast, and not a substitute for professional actuarial or emergency-management assessment. Decision-support intelligence — not a primary alerting or dispatch system. Verify against official sources.