Mobile County, Alabama: hazard history
What federal records show has already happened here: disaster declarations, storms, and flood insurance claims. This is a record of the past. It is not a forecast and not a hazard score.
At a glance
What this means
- The event NOAA recorded most often here is Thunderstorm Wind, with 304 records.
- The costliest single record is Hurricane (Typhoon) in 2004: $2.5B in property damage, in the dollars of that year.
- The deadliest record is Heat in 2000, with 2 deaths.
- FEMA has declared 40 disasters that named this county, most often for hurricane.
- The worst year for flood insurance claims was 2005, with 3,628 claims.
What this can't tell you
- What happens next. Past events do not set the odds of the next one.
- Anything before 1996 from NOAA. That is when NOAA began recording every event type; earlier files hold only tornado, hail and wind, so they are left out on purpose.
- Today's cost. Damage and payments are in the dollars of the year they happened.
- A flood rate. NFIP counts claims but not how many homes were insured, and many flooded homes carry no flood insurance.
- Earthquakes, wildfire perimeters or radar-detected hail. Those records are not tied to counties.
Federal disaster declarations (FEMA)
FEMA declared 40 disasters that named Mobile County between 1969 and 2024.
| Incident type | Disasters | Most recent |
|---|---|---|
| Hurricane | 25 | 2024 |
| Severe Storm | 9 | 2023 |
| Biological | 2 | 2020 |
| Drought | 1 | 1977 |
| Flood | 1 | 1981 |
| Snowstorm | 1 | 1993 |
| Tornado | 1 | 1973 |
Most recent declarations
- EM-3618 2024 · Hurricane · Hurricane Helene
- DR-4684 2023 · Severe Storm · Severe Storms, Straight-line Winds, And Tornadoes
- DR-4573 2020 · Hurricane · Hurricane Zeta
- EM-3545 2020 · Hurricane · Hurricane Sally
- DR-4563 2020 · Hurricane · Hurricane Sally
- DR-4503 2020 · Biological · Covid-19 Pandemic
- EM-3472 2020 · Biological · Covid-19
- EM-3407 2018 · Hurricane · Hurricane Michael
- DR-4406 2018 · Hurricane · Hurricane Michael
- EM-3394 2017 · Hurricane · Hurricane Nate
Not counted above: 3 statewide declarations, which covered every county in Alabama. A declaration is a decision to send federal help, not a measure of how bad an event was. Records run from 1953. Source: FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries.
Storms recorded by NOAA, by type
| Event type | Records | Deaths | Injuries | Property damage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thunderstorm Wind | 304 | 0 | 9 | $6.1M |
| Flash Flood | 173 | 0 | 0 | $8.9M |
| Hail | 168 | 0 | 0 | $52K |
| Tornado | 77 | 1 | 13 | $6.4M |
| Lightning | 63 | 3 | 20 | $3.5M |
| Tropical Storm | 33 | 0 | 0 | $6.0M |
| Coastal Flood | 29 | 0 | 0 | $90K |
| Storm Surge/Tide | 19 | 0 | 0 | $15.5M |
| Hurricane (Typhoon) | 17 | 1 | 0 | $3.8B |
| Flood | 12 | 0 | 0 | $105K |
| Heat | 12 | 7 | 1 | $0 |
| Heavy Rain | 12 | 0 | 0 | $0 |
| Waterspout | 11 | 0 | 0 | $0 |
| Rip Current | 9 | 10 | 4 | $0 |
| High Wind | 8 | 0 | 0 | $180K |
| Winter Weather | 8 | 0 | 0 | $5K |
| Drought | 6 | 0 | 0 | $0 |
| Funnel Cloud | 6 | 0 | 0 | $0 |
| Sleet | 5 | 0 | 0 | $0 |
| High Surf | 4 | 0 | 0 | $103K |
| Ice Storm | 4 | 0 | 0 | $0 |
| Strong Wind | 4 | 0 | 0 | $25K |
| Heavy Snow | 3 | 0 | 0 | $0 |
| Cold/Wind Chill | 2 | 1 | 0 | $0 |
| Dense Fog | 2 | 0 | 12 | $180K |
| Tropical Depression | 2 | 0 | 0 | $0 |
| Winter Storm | 2 | 0 | 0 | $0 |
Records start in 1996. Damage is NOAA's estimate at the time, in nominal dollars, and is often rounded; it is not insurance claims data. A storm that crossed two NOAA zones in this county is recorded, and counted, once per zone.
Year by year
NOAA storm event records in Mobile County each year. The busiest year was 2000, with 56 records.
Show the numbers for every year
| Year | Records | Deaths | Property damage |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1996 | 26 | 3 | $913K |
| 1997 | 40 | 1 | $2.2M |
| 1998 | 34 | 3 | $81.4M |
| 1999 | 32 | 1 | $364K |
| 2000 | 56 | 2 | $797K |
| 2001 | 33 | 0 | $655K |
| 2002 | 38 | 0 | $4.9M |
| 2003 | 29 | 1 | $142K |
| 2004 | 26 | 0 | $2.5B |
| 2005 | 39 | 1 | $1.1B |
| 2006 | 31 | 0 | $1.8M |
| 2007 | 26 | 1 | $4.6M |
| 2008 | 40 | 3 | $5.0M |
| 2009 | 24 | 0 | $82K |
| 2010 | 17 | 0 | $5K |
| 2011 | 36 | 0 | $122K |
| 2012 | 18 | 0 | $1.4M |
| 2013 | 14 | 0 | $1.6M |
| 2014 | 26 | 0 | $6.6M |
| 2015 | 39 | 2 | $527K |
| 2016 | 45 | 0 | $167K |
| 2017 | 49 | 0 | $12.6M |
| 2018 | 21 | 2 | $35K |
| 2019 | 44 | 1 | $209K |
| 2020 | 34 | 0 | $76.0M |
| 2021 | 38 | 0 | $0 |
| 2022 | 37 | 2 | $0 |
| 2023 | 43 | 0 | $0 |
| 2024 | 39 | 0 | $0 |
| 2025 | 15 | 0 | $0 |
| 2026 | 6 | 0 | $0 |
Years with no record are left out of the table, not shown as zero.
Notable events
Costliest records
- Hurricane (Typhoon) · Sep 13, 2004$2.5BNOAA name: LOWER MOBILE · NOAA record 5422234
- Hurricane (Typhoon) · Aug 27, 2005$1.0BNOAA name: LOWER MOBILE · NOAA record 5469599
- Hurricane (Typhoon) · Jul 9, 2005$120.0MNOAA name: LOWER MOBILE · NOAA record 5463844
- Hurricane (Typhoon) · Sep 25, 1998$80.0MNOAA name: LOWER MOBILE · 1 death · NOAA record 5673188
- Hurricane (Typhoon) · Sep 15, 2020$76.0MNOAA name: MOBILE COASTAL · NOAA record 921104
Deadliest records
- Heat · Jul 14, 20002 deathsNOAA name: LOWER MOBILE · NOAA record 5155486
- Rip Current · Apr 9, 20152 deathsNOAA name: LOWER MOBILE · NOAA record 560027
- Rip Current · Aug 2, 20182 deathsNOAA name: MOBILE COASTAL · NOAA record 767747
- Tornado · Jan 26, 19961 deathNOAA name: MOBILE · $100K damage · 3 injuries · NOAA record 5537373
- Cold/Wind Chill · Feb 5, 19961 deathNOAA name: UPPER MOBILE · NOAA record 5541724
Each line is one NOAA record, linked to its page at NOAA. One large storm can appear more than once if NOAA recorded it in several zones of this county. Dollars are nominal.
Flood insurance claims (NFIP)
The National Flood Insurance Program paid $363.1M on 15,016 claims in Mobile County from 1978 to 2024.
| Year | Claims | Paid |
|---|---|---|
| 2005 | 3,628 | $221.5M |
| 1998 | 2,428 | $37.3M |
| 1979 | 1,669 | $19.3M |
| 2004 | 1,411 | $25.4M |
| 1981 | 1,156 | $17.1M |
A count of claims, not a rate: NFIP publishes no count of insured homes beside it, and most flood damage is uninsured. Nominal dollars. Records run from 1978 to 2024; claims filed without a county code are not on any county page. Source: FEMA OpenFEMA FIMA NFIP Redacted Claims.
Hazard vulnerability analysis: the probability column for a facility in Mobile County
A hazard vulnerability analysis rates each hazard for probability, impact, preparedness and response. Probability is the one column the county’s federal record can fill — NCEI storm events from 1996 to 2026 and FEMA declarations naming the county — and this is what it says for a facility here, on the 0–3 scale of the all-hazards structure surveyors expect. The other six columns are the facility’s own judgment about its building, and Calchis leaves them blank.
| Hazard | Prob. | Basis, from the county record |
|---|---|---|
| Hurricane / Tropical Storm | 3 | 71 NCEI events over 31 years (2.29/yr). 25 federal disaster declarations naming the county. |
| Tornado | 3 | 77 NCEI events over 31 years (2.48/yr). 1 federal disaster declaration naming the county. |
| Severe Thunderstorm | 3 | 535 NCEI events over 31 years (17.26/yr). 9 federal disaster declarations naming the county. |
| Flood, External | 3 | 226 NCEI events over 31 years (7.29/yr). 1 federal disaster declaration naming the county. |
| Snow Fall / Blizzard / Ice Storm | 2 | 22 NCEI events over 31 years (0.71/yr). 1 federal disaster declaration naming the county. |
| Temperature Extremes | 2 | 14 NCEI events over 31 years (0.45/yr). No federal disaster declaration of this kind has named the county. |
| Drought | 2 | 6 NCEI events over 31 years (0.19/yr). 1 federal disaster declaration naming the county. |
| High Wind (non-convective) | 2 | 12 NCEI events over 31 years (0.39/yr). No federal disaster declaration of this kind has named the county. |
| Epidemic | 2 | 2 federal disaster declarations naming the county. |
| Wild Fire | 1 | No events of this kind on the county's NCEI record over 31 years. No federal disaster declaration of this kind has named the county. |
| Earthquake | 1 | No federal disaster declaration of this kind has named the county. |
| Landslide | 1 | No events of this kind on the county's NCEI record over 31 years. No federal disaster declaration of this kind has named the county. |
| Tidal Wave / Tsunami | 1 | No events of this kind on the county's NCEI record over 31 years. No federal disaster declaration of this kind has named the county. |
| Volcano | 1 | No events of this kind on the county's NCEI record over 31 years. No federal disaster declaration of this kind has named the county. |
| Dam Inundation | 1 | No federal disaster declaration of this kind has named the county. |
A dash means the record does not speak to that hazard; it is not a zero. Whether a finished document satisfies the CMS Emergency Preparedness Rule is the facility’s finding and its surveyor’s. Complete the HVA for a facility in Mobile County — the technological, human and hazardous-materials rows, the six facility columns, the approval and the printed document — or read the sample analysis on that page first.
How this page was made
- Every figure is counted from public federal records held by Calchis: NOAA NCEI Storm Events, FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations, and FEMA NFIP claims. Nothing is modeled or estimated.
- NOAA files some events by county and others by forecast zone, and names both. Records are counted as Mobile County when their NOAA name is this county's name, alone or with a word like “Coastal” or “Inland” in front. The county codes NOAA also publishes have not been loaded for Alabama yet; when they are, this page will count by code instead, and some counties' records will grow. NOAA names counted here: LOWER MOBILE, MOBILE, MOBILE CENTRAL, MOBILE COASTAL, MOBILE INLAND, UPPER MOBILE. Zones named for something else, such as a mountain range or two counties at once, are left out: 0% of Alabama's NOAA records.
- Counts last rebuilt from the source records on Sep 15, 2026.
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Recorded history from federal public records. Not a hazard score, a risk score, or a forecast, and not a substitute for professional actuarial or emergency-management assessment. Decision-support intelligence — not a primary alerting or dispatch system. Verify against official sources.